多重耐药菌感染已成为全球公共卫生领域面临的严峻挑战。如何有效阻断多重耐药菌的传播与感染,已成为医院感染防控的核心议题。
在众多感染控制策略中,皮肤去定植被视为切断多重耐药菌传播路径的关键环节之一。葡萄糖酸氯己定 (CHG) 是一种广谱抗菌剂,对革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌、酵母菌以及部分有脂质包膜病毒具备广谱抗菌活性。与其他许多抗菌剂不同,葡萄糖酸氯己定具有残留抗菌活性,使其成为降低患者皮肤微生物负荷和预防继发性环境污染的理想选择。近年来,以葡萄糖酸氯己定溶液对住院患者进行每日全身擦浴,作为一种简便、低成本的非药物性干预措施,受到了国内外感控领域的高度关注[1]。
现有循证证据表明,CHG擦浴对不同类型MDRO的防控效果存在差异,以下分菌种进行阐述。

MRSA是一类对所有β-内酰胺类抗生素(如青霉素类、头孢菌素类)均产生耐药性的金黄色葡萄球菌,因其致病性强、传播速度快,可导致肺炎、血流感染及手术部位感染等严重疾病。
VRE主要指对万古霉素产生耐药的粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌,是ICU中常见的机会性致病菌,常引起难治性尿路感染、血流感染和腹腔感染,因其治疗药物选择极为有限,感染后病死率显著升高。
耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌(CRAB)是一类对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的鲍曼不动杆菌,是ICU中常见的条件致病菌,可引起呼吸机相关性肺炎、血流感染等严重院内感染。
CRE是一类对碳青霉烯类抗生素(被视为治疗多重耐药革兰阴性菌感染的“最后一道防线”)耐药的肠杆菌科细菌。其感染常导致有效治疗药物极为有限、患者病死率显著升高,被公认为当前全球公共卫生领域最紧迫的耐药威胁之一,有“噩梦细菌”之称。
与MRSA相比,CHG擦浴降低CRE风险的循证证据较有限。目前研究显示,CHG擦浴可能通过减少皮肤污染和环境播散降低CRE传播风险,但由于CRE主要定植于肠道,单独依靠CHG擦浴难以显著降低CRE获得,需要结合接触隔离、环境清洁消毒和抗菌药物管理等综合措施。
主要有效成分为葡萄糖酸洗必泰,能杀灭皮肤上的有害细菌。理想用于ICU重症病人每日身体擦浴,以及病人术前擦浴。

文献参考
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近日,国家卫生健康委员会发布推荐性卫生行业标准WS/T 592-2026《医院感染预防与控制评价标准》。该标准将代替WS/T 592-2018...